Supplementary IFRS operating profit is one of the Group’s key performance indicators. We provide this measure because we believe it gives shareholders a better understanding of the Group’s underlying performance. In order to further enhance this understanding, we have amended the definition of IFRS operating profit to remove the impact of investment volatility from the non profit Risk and Savings and the Group capital and financing results.
The key changes to our definition of IFRS operating profit are:
i. Operating profit for the Risk and Savings businesses is now based on the investment returns that the Group expects to make on the financial investments that back the non profit business over the reporting period, rather than the actual returns on these investments. The difference between the expected return and the actual return on investments, and the corresponding impact on liabilities, is shown below the operating profit line. This adjustment includes the removal of accounting volatility arising from the mismatch of asset and liability valuations for deferred tax balances within unit linked funds under IFRS.
ii. Group capital and financing operating profit now excludes the profit or loss arising from actuarial gains and losses on annuities held by the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes. As this is driven by bond market yields the effect has been classified as variation from longer term investment return.
iii. The profit or loss impact arising from the elimination of own debt holdings is reflected below operating profit. In previous reporting periods this amount has been £nil.
The amended definition more closely aligns the results of non profit Risk and Savings and Group capital and financing with our other UK businesses and is closer to the European Embedded Value (EEV) definition of operating profit. It changes the allocation of profit between operating and non-operating elements, but it does not affect underlying performance, the economics of our business, the profit before tax attributable to shareholder or the profit for the year.
The table below sets out the effect of the above changes to IFRS supplementary operating profit for the year ended 31 December 2008, and the six months ended 30 June 2009:
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
As reported 2008 |
Effect of restating the definition of IFRS operating profit |
Restated |
As reported 30.06.09 |
Effect of restating the definition of IFRS operating profit |
Restated 30.06.09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
From continuing operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk |
(603) |
825 |
222 |
(128) |
351 |
223 |
|
Savings |
66 |
(59) |
7 |
(5) |
26 |
21 |
|
Investment management |
165 |
– |
165 |
70 |
– |
70 |
|
International |
59 |
– |
59 |
65 |
– |
65 |
|
Group capital and financing |
124 |
15 |
139 |
29 |
(4) |
25 |
|
Operating (loss)/profit |
(189) |
781 |
592 |
31 |
373 |
404 |
|
Variation from longer term investment return |
(1,239) |
(781) |
(2,020) |
(154) |
(373) |
(527) |
|
Property losses attributable to minority interests |
(63) |
– |
(63) |
(20) |
– |
(20) |
|
Loss from continuing operations before tax attributable to equity holders of the Company |
(1,491) |
– |
(1,491) |
(143) |
– |
(143) |
|
Tax credit attributable to |
361 |
– |
361 |
52 |
– |
52 |
|
Loss for the period |
(1,130) |
– |
(1,130) |
(91) |
– |
(91) |
|
Loss attributable to minority interests |
63 |
– |
63 |
20 |
– |
20 |
|
Loss attributable to |
(1,067) |
– |
(1,067) |
(71) |
– |
(71) |
Operating profit for the Risk segment represents the net capital invested/released from the non profit Risk businesses (individual and group protection, and individual and bulk purchase annuities) and the profit of our General insurance business. Operating profit reflects the investment returns that the business expects to make on the financial investments that back the business and on shareholder funds retained within our General insurance business.
Operating profit for the Savings segment represents the net capital invested/released from the non profit Savings businesses (non profit investment bonds and non profit pensions (including SIPPs)), the with-profits transfer and the operating profit of our core retail investments business. Operating profit reflects the investment returns that the business expects to make on the financial investments that back this business.
Operating profit for the Investment management and International segments reflects the profits from these organisations and includes a longer term expected investment return on the shareholders’ funds within the Investment management and Netherlands’ operations.
Investment return on Group capital incorporates a longer term expected investment return using longer term investment return assumptions applied to the average balance of Group invested assets (including interest bearing intra-group balances) calculated on a quarterly basis. Profits or losses arising from actuarial movements on annuities held by the Group’s defined benefit pension schemes are excluded from operating profit. Profit and losses arising on the elimination of own debt holdings are also excluded from operating profit.
The table below sets out the effect of the above changes to IFRS operating profit for the year ended 31 December 2009:
(i) Reconciliation between operating profit and profit from ordinary activities after income tax
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
Notes |
2009 |
2008 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
|
From continuing operations |
|
|
| ||
|
Risk |
735 |
222 | |||
|
Savings |
55 |
7 | |||
|
Investment management |
167 |
165 | |||
|
International |
127 |
59 | |||
|
Group capital and financing |
57 |
139 | |||
|
Investment projects1 |
|
(32) |
– | ||
|
Operating profit |
|
1,109 |
592 | ||
|
Variation from longer term investment return |
|
(16) |
(2,020) | ||
|
Property losses attributable to minority interests |
|
(19) |
(63) | ||
|
Profit/(loss) from continuing operations before tax attributable to equity holders of the Company |
|
1,074 |
(1,491) | ||
|
Tax (expense)/credit attributable to equity holders of the Company |
(230) |
361 | |||
|
Profit/(loss) for the year |
|
844 |
(1,130) | ||
(ii) Risk
| (Download XLS:) |
|
(a) Risk operating profit | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Notes |
2009 |
2008 | ||
| |||||
|
Non profit Risk |
717 |
223 | |||
|
General insurance |
17 |
(2) | |||
|
Other1 |
|
1 |
1 | ||
|
Total Risk operating profit |
|
735 |
222 | ||
| (Download XLS:) |
|
(b) Analysis of net capital released from non profit Risk business | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Notes |
2009 |
2008 |
|
Non profit business operating profit comprises: |
|
|
|
|
Operational cash generation |
|
438 |
376 |
|
New business strain |
|
50 |
(173) |
|
Net cash generation |
|
488 |
203 |
|
Experience variances |
113 |
2 | |
|
Changes to valuation assumptions |
169 |
(42) | |
|
Changes to FSA reporting and capital rules |
|
15 |
– |
|
Movements in non-cash items |
(229) |
16 | |
|
Other |
|
(41) |
(20) |
|
|
|
515 |
159 |
|
Tax gross-up |
|
202 |
64 |
|
Non profit Risk operating profit |
|
717 |
223 |
Non profit business operational cash generation represents the capital and profit expected to be generated in the period from the in-force non profit business if the embedded value and valuation assumptions are borne out in practice. The experience variances are calculated with reference to embedded value assumptions, including the apportionment of investment return and tax in the EEV model.
The 2008 net capital released analysis has been restated in accordance with the new definition of operating profit (see the beginning of this note).
Both new business strain and operational cash generation exclude required solvency margin from the liability calculation as is required by the ABI SORP.
In 2006 the FSA introduced a more realistic reserving framework for certain non profit business (Policy statement (PS) 06/14). In July 2009, a Part VII transfer of the Nationwide Life Risk business to Society took place and the Group chose to adopt PS06/14 for this business. The impact of this, offset by the amortisation of associated intangible assets, is reflected within changes to FSA reporting and capital rules above.
An analysis of the experience variances, valuation assumption changes and non-cash items, all net of tax, is provided below:
| (Download XLS:) |
|
(c) Experience variances | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||||
| ||||||
|
Persistency |
(9) |
(5) | ||||
|
Mortality/morbidity |
(9) |
26 | ||||
|
Expenses |
1 |
18 | ||||
|
BPA data loading |
48 |
22 | ||||
|
Project and development costs1 |
(21) |
(53) | ||||
|
Tax2 |
79 |
(15) | ||||
|
Other |
24 |
9 | ||||
|
|
113 |
2 | ||||
| (Download XLS:) |
|
(d) Changes to valuation assumptions | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
2009 |
2008 |
|
Persistency |
(5) |
4 |
|
Mortality/morbidity |
101 |
(25) |
|
Expenses |
54 |
(55) |
|
Other |
19 |
34 |
|
|
169 |
(42) |
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||
|
Deferred tax1 |
(221) |
19 | ||
|
Other |
(8) |
(3) | ||
|
|
(229) |
16 | ||
| (Download XLS:) |
The combined operating ratio is:
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
Net incurred claims |
+ |
Expenses + Net commission |
|
x 100 |
|
|
Net earned premiums |
Net written premiums |
|
(iii) Savings
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
Notes |
2009 |
2008 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
|
Non profit Savings1 |
(4) |
(79) | |||||||
|
With-profits business2 |
|
64 |
107 | ||||||
|
|
|
60 |
28 | ||||||
|
Core retail investments |
|
9 |
– | ||||||
|
Other3 |
|
(14) |
(21) | ||||||
|
Total Savings operating profit |
|
55 |
7 | ||||||
| (Download XLS:) |
Non profit business operational cash generation represents the capital and profit expected to be generated in the period from the in-force non profit business if the embedded value and valuation assumptions are borne out in practice. The experience variances are calculated with reference to embedded value assumptions, including the apportionment of investment return and tax in the EEV model.
The 2008 net capital released analysis has been restated in accordance with the new definition of operating profit (see the beginning of this note).
Both new business strain and operational cash generation exclude required solvency margin from the liability calculation as is required by the ABI SORP.
In 2006, the FSA introduced a more realistic reserving framework for certain non profit business (PS06/14). In 2009, the Group has chosen to implement PS06/14 rule changes relating to the calculation of the regulatory sterling reserves on non profit unit linked contracts. The impact of this is reflected within changes to FSA reporting and capital rules above. However, sterling reserves on investment contracts are eliminated from IFRS reporting and the corresponding reduction is reported through non-cash items.
An analysis of the experience variances, valuation assumption changes and non-cash items, all net of tax, is provided below:
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
|
Persistency |
(1) |
12 | ||||
|
Mortality/morbidity |
– |
(1) | ||||
|
Expenses |
– |
(7) | ||||
|
Project and development costs1 |
(23) |
(42) | ||||
|
Tax2 |
22 |
3 | ||||
|
Other |
1 |
– | ||||
|
|
(1) |
(35) | ||||
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 |
|---|---|---|
|
Persistency |
1 |
8 |
|
Mortality/morbidity |
(2) |
(1) |
|
Expenses |
(1) |
(2) |
|
Other |
11 |
27 |
|
|
9 |
32 |
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||
|
Deferred tax |
(33) |
16 | ||
|
Deferred acquisition costs |
(5) |
20 | ||
|
Deferred income liabilities |
35 |
30 | ||
|
Other1 |
(61) |
(80) | ||
|
|
(64) |
(14) | ||
(iv) Investment management
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
|
Managed pension funds |
128 |
117 | ||||
|
Private equity |
(1) |
(1) | ||||
|
Property |
4 |
4 | ||||
|
Other income1 |
41 |
52 | ||||
|
Legal & General Investment Management |
172 |
172 | ||||
|
Institutional unit trusts2 |
(5) |
(7) | ||||
|
Total Investment management operating profit |
167 |
165 | ||||
(v) International
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||
|
USA |
86 |
39 | ||
|
Netherlands |
42 |
6 | ||
|
France |
4 |
14 | ||
|
Other1 |
(5) |
– | ||
|
Total International operating profit |
127 |
59 | ||
(vi) Group capital and financing
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
2009 |
2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
|
Investment return1 |
191 |
298 | ||||
|
Interest expense2 |
(127) |
(145) | ||||
|
Investment expenses |
(3) |
(5) | ||||
|
Unallocated corporate expenses |
(4) |
(9) | ||||
|
Total Group capital and financing operating profit |
57 |
139 | ||||
(vii) Earnings per share
| (Download XLS:) |
|
|
Notes |
Profit/ (loss) before tax |
Tax (credit)/ expense |
Profit |
Number of shares1 |
Earnings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||
|
Operating profit |
1,109 |
(304) |
805 |
5,824 |
13.82 | |||||
|
Variation from longer term |
(16) |
74 |
58 |
|
1.00 | |||||
|
Loss attributable to |
|
1,093 |
(230) |
863 |
5,824 |
14.82 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
|
|
Notes |
Profit/ (loss) before tax |
Tax (credit)/ expense |
Profit/ (loss) after tax |
Number of shares1 |
Earnings | ||||
|
Operating profit |
592 |
(163) |
429 |
5,968 |
7.19 | |||||
|
Variation from longer term |
(2,020) |
524 |
(1,496) |
|
(25.07) | |||||
|
Profit attributable to |
|
(1,428) |
361 |
(1,067) |
5,968 |
(17.88) | ||||
The number of shares in issue at 31 December 2009 was 5,862,216,780 (31 December 2008: 5,861,627,994).

